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Guides on formats, security, web development and tooling — the concepts behind the tools, explained clearly.
What Is a TSV File? Tab-Separated Values Explained
What is a TSV file? A tab-separated values file storing tabular data with tab delimiters. Learn TSV vs CSV, parsing, escaping, and pitfalls.
Formats & StandardsWhat Is UTF-16? Unicode Encoding Explained
What is UTF-16? Learn how this variable-width Unicode encoding uses 16-bit units, surrogate pairs for supplementary characters, and BOM-based endianness.
Formats & StandardsWhat Is ASCII? The Character Encoding Explained
What is ASCII? Learn how this 7-bit encoding maps 128 characters, the control vs printable ranges, its link to UTF-8, and why extended ASCII is a…
Formats & StandardsWhat Is a Data URI? Embedding Data Inline
What is a data URI? Learn how the data: scheme inlines files as base64 or text, its syntax, when to use it, and the caching, size,…
Web DevelopmentWhat Are HTTP Status Codes? A Complete Guide
What are HTTP status codes? A developer reference to the 1xx-5xx classes, common codes like 200, 301, 404, and 500, and how to choose the right…
Web DevelopmentWhat Is Semantic Versioning? SemVer Explained
What is semantic versioning? Learn how SemVer's MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH scheme signals breaking changes, features, and fixes, plus pre-release tags and ranges.
Formats & StandardsWhat Is a JSON Schema? Validating JSON Documents
What is a JSON Schema? Learn how this vocabulary validates and documents JSON with type, properties, required, and $ref, plus drafts and common pitfalls.
Formats & StandardsWhat Is NDJSON? Newline-Delimited JSON Explained
What is NDJSON? Learn how newline-delimited JSON streams records one per line, how it differs from a JSON array, its media type, and how to parse…
Formats & StandardsWhat Is a Byte Order Mark (BOM)?
What is a byte order mark? Learn what the BOM is, its byte signatures in UTF-8/UTF-16/UTF-32, why it breaks JSON and PHP, and how to detect…
Formats & StandardsWhat Is a MIME Type? Media Types Explained
What is a MIME type? A clear developer guide to media types, the Content-Type header, charset, +json suffixes, MIME sniffing, and common pitfalls.
Formats & Standards