Blog
Guides on formats, security, web development and tooling — the concepts behind the tools, explained clearly.
What is CORS? Cross-Origin Resource Sharing explained
What is CORS? Learn how cross-origin resource sharing works, the preflight request, key response headers, and how to fix common CORS errors safely.
SecurityWhat is a CSRF token and how does it prevent forgery attacks?
What is a CSRF token? Learn how anti-forgery tokens stop cross-site request forgery, where to place them, and common implementation mistakes to avoid.
SecurityWhat is a TLS handshake? How secure connections are established
What is a TLS handshake? The negotiation that authenticates a server and agrees on encryption keys before secure data flows. Learn TLS 1.2 vs 1.3 and…
SecurityWhat is symmetric vs asymmetric encryption? Key differences explained
What is symmetric vs asymmetric encryption? One key versus a public/private key pair. Learn how each works, when to use them, and how they combine in…
SecurityWhat is a rainbow table? Precomputed hash attacks explained
What is a rainbow table? A precomputed structure that reverses unsalted password hashes using a time-memory tradeoff. Learn how salts defeat it.
SecurityWhat Is Argon2? The Modern Password Hash
What is Argon2? The Password Hashing Competition winner, a memory-hard, salted algorithm. Learn its variants, parameters, and why Argon2id is recommended.
SecurityWhat Is bcrypt? The Password Hashing Function
What is bcrypt? A slow, salted password hashing function with a tunable cost factor. Learn its hash format, the 72-byte limit, and how to use it…
SecurityWhat Is Salting a Password? How Salts Work
What is salting a password? Adding a unique random value before hashing so identical passwords hash differently. Learn salts vs pepper and common mistakes.
SecurityWhat Is an RFC? Internet Standards Explained
What is an RFC? A numbered technical document that defines internet standards and protocols. Learn the IETF process, MUST/SHOULD keywords, and status levels.
Formats & StandardsWhat Is Protobuf? Protocol Buffers Explained
What is Protobuf? Google's compact, schema-driven binary serialization format. Learn .proto schemas, wire encoding, JSON comparison, and gRPC.
Formats & Standards