Category: Formats & Standards

A practical guide to Markdown: headings, lists, links, code, tables and the whitespace rules that trip people up, plus how flavours differ.

A practical guide to JSONPath: how the syntax maps onto a JSON document, what each operator does, and the pitfalls to watch for.

What ISO 8601 actually specifies: the YYYY-MM-DD date, the T separator, the Z and offset suffixes, durations, and why it sorts and parses cleanly.

What JSON minification actually removes, how much it saves, when it helps, and when a pretty-printed file is the better choice.

How CSV escaping really works under RFC 4180: when to quote fields, how to escape quotes and newlines, and why parsers disagree.

Copy-ready cron examples for every N minutes, hourly, daily, weekly, monthly and business-hours schedules, plus the step and range tricks behind them.

The YAML traps that bite real projects: the Norway problem, unquoted versions and numbers, tabs versus spaces, and indentation.

How base64url differs from standard Base64: the swapped + and / characters, dropped padding, why JWTs use it, and how to convert between the two variants safely.

A JWT is three base64url parts: header, payload, and signature. Here is what each holds and why the payload is readable, not encrypted.

A Unix timestamp counts seconds since 1970 UTC. Learn seconds vs milliseconds, UTC vs local, ISO 8601, and the accurate Year-2038 problem.